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Lower Living Standard Income Level (LLSIL) Guidelines - 2010

$images\dol_eta.gif$ Under Title I of the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 (Public Law 105-220), the Secretary of Labor, through the Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration, annually determines the Lower Living Standard Income Level (LLSIL) for uses described in the Law. WIA defines the term "Low Income Individual" as one who qualifies under various criteria, including an individual who received income for a six-month period that does not exceed the higher of the poverty line or 70 percent of the lower living standard income level.

This topic provides the Secretary's annual LLSIL for 2010 and references the then-current 2009 Health and Human Services (HHS) "Federal Poverty Guidelines." At the time these LLSIL were published, Congress had taken action to keep the 2009 HHS poverty guidelines in effect until at least May 31, 2010.

For WIA purposes, these numbers became effective when published in the Federal Register on May 7, 2010 at 75 FR 25296, and will remain in effect until superceded by the 2011 LLSIL announcement. The annually updated amounts are usually available, and become effective, in May or June.

Background

The LLSIL is used for several purposes under WIA. WIA defines the term "low income individual" for eligibility purposes, defines the term LLSIL, and defines the terms "disadvantaged adult" and "disadvantaged youth" in terms of the poverty line or LLSIL for purpose of State formula allotments. The Governor and State/Local Workforce Investment Boards use the LLSIL for determining eligibility for youth, eligibility for employed adult workers for certain services, and for the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC).

The Department of Health and Human Services published the annual 2009 update of the poverty-level guidelines in the Federal Register at 74 FR 4199-4201, (Jan. 23, 2009). The much delayed 2010 update of the poverty-level guidelines was eventually published in the Federal Register at 75 FR 45628-45629, (Aug. 3, 2010). The HHS 2009 and 2010 Poverty guidelines may also be found in the Help topic Poverty Guidelines - Federal.

Explanation

WIA defines the LLSIL as "that income level (adjusted for regional, metropolitan, urban, and rural differences and family size) determined annually by the Secretary of Labor based on the most recent lower living family budget issued by the Secretary." The most recent lower living family budget was issued by the Secretary of Labor in the fall of 1981.

The four-person urban family budget estimates, previously published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), provided the basis for the Secretary to determine the LLSIL. BLS terminated the four-person family budget series in 1982, after publication of the fall 1981 estimates. Currently BLS provides the data from which the Employment and Training Administration (ETA) develops the LLSIL tables.

ETA published the 2009 updates to the LLSIL in the Federal Register of March 26, 2009, at 74 FR 13262. For 2009, ETA again updated the LLSIL to reflect cost of living increases for 2009, by applying the percentage change in the most recent 2009 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), compared with the 2008 CPI-U to each of the March 26, 2009 LLSIL figures. Those updated figures for a family-of -four are listed in Table 1 below by region for both metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. Figures in all of the accompanying tables are rounded up to the nearest dollar. Since "low income individual," "disadvantaged adult," and "disadvantaged youth" may be determined by family income at 70 percent of the LLSIL, those figures are listed below as well.

Jurisdictions

Jurisdictions included in the various regions, based generally on Census Divisions of the U.S. Department of Commerce, are as follows:

Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virgin Islands.

Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin.

South: Alabama, American Samoa, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Northern Marianas, Oklahoma, Palau, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Kentucky, Louisiana, Marshall Islands, Maryland, Micronesia, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia.

West: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.

Additionally, separate figures have been provided for Alaska, Hawaii, and Guam as indicated in Table 2 below.

For Alaska, Hawaii, and Guam, the year 2009 figures were updated from the April 2009 "State Index" based on the ratio of the urban change in the State (using Anchorage for Alaska and Honolulu for Hawaii and Guam) compared to the West regional metropolitan change, and then applying that index to the West regional metropolitan change.

Data on 23 selected Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) are also available. These are based on semiannual CPI-U changes for a 12-month period ending in June 2009. The updated LLSIL figures for these MSAs and 70 percent of the LLSIL are reported in Table 3 below.

Table 4 below lists each of the various figures at 70 percent of the updated 2010 LLSIL for family sizes of one to six persons. Because tables 1–3 only list the LLSIL for a family of four, table 4 can be used to determine the LLSIL for families of one to six persons. For families larger than six persons, an amount equal to the difference between the six-person and the five-person family income levels should be added to the six-person family income level for each additional person in the family. Where the poverty level for a particular family size is greater than the corresponding LLSIL figure, the figure is indicated in a shaded block. Table 5, 100 percent of LLSIL, is used to determine self-sufficiency as in the WIA Regulations.

Use of The Data

Governors designate the appropriate LLSILs for use within a State from Tables 1 through 3. Tables 4 and 5, which adjust a family of four figure for larger and smaller families, may be used with any of the levels designated. The Governor's designation may be provided by disseminating information on Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas within the State, or it may involve further calculations. For example, the State of New Jersey may have four or more LLSIL figures: for Northeast metropolitan, for Northeast non-metropolitan, for portions of the State in the New York City MSA, and for those in the Philadelphia MSA. If a workforce investment area includes areas that would be covered by more than one figure, the Governor may determine which is to be used.

Tables

Table 1:
Lower Living Standard Income Level (for a family of four persons)
by Region1

Region2	2010 Adjusted LLSIL	70 percent LLSIL
Northeast Metro Non-Metro3	$ 38,759 $ 37,060	$ 27,131 $ 25,942
Midwest Metro Non-Metro	$ 34,161 $ 33,026	$ 23,913 $ 23,118
South Metro Non-Metro	$ 33,043 $ 32,318	$ 23,130 $ 22,623
West Metro Non-Metro4	$ 37,471 $ 35,758	$ 26,230 $ 25,031
1For ease of use, these figures have been rounded to the next highest dollar.
2Metropolitan area measures were calculated from the weighted average CPI-Us for city size classes A and B/C. Non-metropolitan area measures were calculated from the CPI-Us for city size class D.
3Non-metropolitan area percent changes for the Northeast region are no longer available. The Non-metropolitan percent change was calculated using the U.S. average CPI-U for city size Class D.
4Non-metropolitan area percent changes for the West region are unpublished data.

Table 2:
Lower Living Standard Income Level (for a family of four persons),
Alaska, Hawaii and Guam1

Region	2010 Adjusted LLSIL	70 percent LLSIL
Alaska Metro Non-Metro2	$ 45,047 $ 44,866	$ 31,533 $ 31,406
Hawaii, Guam Metro NonMetro2	$ 48,432 $ 47,898	$ 33,902 $ 33,529
1Rounded to the next highest dollar.
2Non-Metropolitan percent changes for Alaska, Hawaii and Guam were calculated from the CPI-Us for city size Class D in the Western Region.

Table 3:
Lower Living Standard Income Level (for a family of four persons),
23 MSAs1

Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs)	2010 Adjusted LLSIL	70 percent LLSIL
Anchorage, AK	$46,172	$32,320
Atlanta, GA	$31,353	$21,947
Boston--Brockton--Nashua, MA/NH/ME/CT	$41,891	$29,324
Chicago--Gary--Kenosha, IL/IN/WI	$35,821	$25,075
Cincinnati--Hamilton, OH/KY/IN	$34,327	$24,029
Cleveland--Akron, OH	$35,129	$24,590
Dallas--Ft. Worth, TX	$31,646	$22,152
Denver--Boulder--Greeley, CO	$35,695	$24,987
Detroit--Ann Arbor--Flint, MI	$32,916	$23,041
Honolulu, HI	$49,497	$34,648
Houston--Galveston--Brazoria, TX	$30,562	$21,393
Kansas City, MO/KS	$33,064	$23,145
Los Angeles--Riverside--Orange County, CA	$39,521	$27,665
Milwaukee--Racine, WI	$34,073	$23,851
Minneapolis--St. Paul, MN/WI	$34,156	$23,909
New York--Northern NJ--Long Island, NY/NJ/CT/PA	$41,130	$28,791
Philadelphia--Wilmington--Atlantic City, PA/NJ/DE/MD	$37,407	$26,185
Pittsburgh, PA	$41,025	$28,718
St. Louis, MO/IL	$32,268	$22,588
San Diego, CA	$43,298	$30,309
San Francisco--Oakland--San Jose, CA	$39,916	$27,941
Seattle--Tacoma--Bremerton, WA	$40,784	$28,549
Washington--Baltimore, DC/MD/VA/WV2	$41,669	$29,168
1Rounded to the next highest dollar.
2Baltimore and Washington are now calculated as a single metropolitan statistical area.

Table 4:
Seventy Percent of Updated 2010 Lower Living Standard Income Level (LLSIL),
by Family Size

To use the seventy percent LLSIL value, where it is stipulated for WIA programs, individuals must begin by locating the region or metropolitan area where they reside. These are listed in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Individuals must locate their region or metropolitan statistical area and then find the seventy percent LLSIL amount for that location. The seventy percent LLSIL figures are listed in the last column to the right on each of the three tables. These figures apply to a family of four. Larger and smaller family eligibility is based on a percentage of the family of four. To determine eligibility for other size families consult the table below.

To use Table 4, locate the seventy percent LLSIL value that applies to the individual's region or metropolitan area from Tables 1, 2 or 3. Find the same number in the "family of four" column of Table 4. Move left or right across that row to the size that corresponds to the individual's family unit. That figure is the maximum household income the individual is permitted in order to qualify as economically disadvantaged under WIA.

Where the HHS poverty level for a particular family size is greater than the corresponding LLSIL figure, the LLSIL figure is indicated in a shaded block. Individuals from these size families may consult the 2010 HHS poverty guidelines to find the higher eligibility standard. Individuals from Alaska and Hawaii should consult the HHS guidelines for the generally higher poverty levels that apply in their states.

Family of One	Family of Two	Family of Three	Family of Four	Family of Five	Family of Six

$7,708	$12,628	$17,332	$21,393	$25,248	$29,527
$7,902	$12,951	$17,784	$21,947	$25,901	$30,289
$7,980	$13,077	$17,949	$22,152	$26,146	$30,575
$8,138	$13,332	$18,299	$22,588	$26,657	$31,172
$8,151	$13,353	$18,326	$22,623	$26,697	$31,222
$8,298	$13,595	$18,667	$23,041	$27,190	$31,796
$8,329	$13,644	$18,730	$23,118	$27,287	$31,910
$8,331	$13,650	$18,736	$23,130	$27,299	$31,928
$8,331	$13,658	$18,753	$23,145	$27,314	$31,944
$8,587	$14,074	$19,322	$23,851	$28,148	$32,918
$8,611	$14,110	$19,372	$23,909	$28,218	$33,000
$8,609	$14,112	$19,370	$23,913	$28,217	$33,006
$8,653	$14,183	$19,469	$24,029	$28,358	$33,163
$8,854	$14,515	$19,921	$24,590	$29,021	$33,936
$8,999	$14,747	$20,245	$24,987	$29,486	$34,486
$9,013	$14,770	$20,279	$25,031	$29,541	$34,550
$9,028	$14,800	$20,311	$25,075	$29,593	$34,610
$9,342	$15,312	$21,020	$25,942	$30,617	$35,801
$9,431	$15,453	$21,213	$26,185	$30,904	$36,138
$9,443	$15,476	$21,247	$26,230	$30,951	$36,201
$9,771	$16,014	$21,978	$27,131	$32,020	$37,444
$9,960	$16,322	$22,409	$27,665	$32,645	$38,182
$10,064	$16,491	$22,633	$27,941	$32,974	$38,564
$10,284	$16,846	$23,128	$28,549	$33,692	$39,400
$10,344	$16,950	$23,267	$28,718	$33,893	$39,635
$10,366	$16,991	$23,321	$28,791	$33,974	$39,738
$10,505	$17,216	$23,631	$29,168	$34,425	$40,261
$10,559	$17,303	$23,759	$29,324	$34,607	$40,468
$10,917	$17,884	$24,555	$30,309	$35,768	$41,832
$11,311	$18,530	$25,442	$31,406	$37,062	$43,341
$11,358	$18,606	$25,546	$31,533	$37,212	$43,522
$11,641	$19,076	$26,183	$32,320	$38,146	$44,604
$12,074	$19,787	$27,161	$33,529	$39,565	$46,271
$12,212	$20,005	$27,466	$33,902	$40,008	$46,792
$12,478	$20,444	$28,065	$34,648	$40,886	$47,821

Table 5:
Updated 2010 LLSIL (100%), By Family Size

To use the LLSIL to determine the minimum level for establishing self-sufficiency criteria at the state or local level, begin by locating the metropolitan area or region from Table 1, 2 or 3. The individual must locate their region or metropolitan statistical area and then find the 2010 Adjusted LLSIL amount for that location. These figures apply to a family of four. Locate the corresponding number in the family of four column below. Move left or right across that row to the size that corresponds to the individual's family unit. That figure is the minimum figure States must set for determining whether employment leads to self-sufficiency under WIA programs.

Family of One	Family of Two	Family of Three	Family of Four	Family of Five	Family of Six
$11,011	$18,040	$24,760	$30,562	$36,069	$42,182
$11,289	$18,501	$25,406	$31,353	$37,002	$43,270
$11,400	$18,681	$25,641	$31,646	$37,352	$43,678
$11,625	$19,045	$26,142	$32,268	$38,081	$44,531
$11,644	$19,075	$26,180	$32,318	$38,139	$44,603
$11,854	$19,421	$26,667	$32,916	$38,843	$45,423
$11,899	$19,491	$26,757	$33,026	$38,961	$45,586
$11,901	$19,500	$26,765	$33,043	$38,999	$45,611
$11,902	$19,511	$26,790	$33,064	$39,020	$45,634
$12,267	$20,106	$27,603	$34,073	$40,211	$47,025
$12,301	$20,157	$27,674	$34,156	$40,312	$47,143
$12,299	$20,160	$27,671	$34,161	$40,310	$47,151
$12,361	$20,261	$27,813	$34,327	$40,511	$47,375
$12,649	$20,736	$28,459	$35,129	$41,459	$48,480
$12,856	$21,067	$28,922	$35,695	$42,123	$49,265
$12,875	$21,100	$28,970	$35,758	$42,201	$49,357
$12,897	$21,143	$29,015	$35,821	$42,275	$49,443
$13,345	$21,874	$30,028	$37,060	$43,739	$51,144
$13,473	$22,075	$30,304	$37,407	$44,149	$51,625
$13,490	$22,108	$30,353	$37,471	$44,216	$51,716
$13,958	$22,877	$31,397	$38,759	$45,743	$53,491
$14,299	$23,317	$32,013	$39,521	$46,636	$54,546
$14,377	$23,558	$32,333	$39,916	$47,105	$55,092
$14,692	$24,065	$33,040	$40,784	$48,131	$56,285
$14,777	$24,214	$33,238	$41,025	$48,418	$56,622
$14,809	$24,273	$33,316	$41,130	$48,534	$56,769
$15,007	$24,594	$33,758	$41,669	$49,179	$57,515
$15,084	$24,719	$33,941	$41,891	$49,438	$57,811
$15,596	$25,548	$35,078	$43,298	$51,097	$59,760
$16,159	$26,472	$36,346	$44,866	$52,945	$61,916
$16,225	$26,580	$36,494	$45,047	$53,160	$62,174
$16,630	$27,252	$37,404	$46,172	$54,494	$63,720
$17,249	$28,267	$38,801	$47,898	$56,522	$66,102
$17,445	$28,578	$39,237	$48,432	$57,154	$66,845
$17,826	$29,205	$40,093	$49,497	$58,409	$68,316

Additional Information

More information, links, contacts, and references on the Poverty Guidelines, the Poverty Thresholds, and the development and history of U.S. poverty measures is available online at:
http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/contacts.shtml

Source

http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/2010-10794.pdf

http://www.doleta.gov/llsil/2010/

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